Abstract :
ALDH1A1 and SOX2 are potential markers to assess the presence of Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) in cervical carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the immunoexpression of ALDH1A1 and SOX2 in High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) and Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CSCC). The research design used was a cross-sectional observational analysis using paraffin blocks of patients diagnosed as HSIL and CSCC during the period 2013-2020 at the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. A total of 62 samples consisted of 31 cases of HSIL and 31 cases of CSCC. Immunohistochemistry staining of ALDH1A1 and SOX2 was performed on all samples. The data is then processed through the SPSS version 24.0 program for windows. The result of the study was that high ALDH1A1 immunoexpression was found in the CSCC group (77.5%), while ALDH1A1 immunoexpression was low in the HSIL group (58.1%) with p-value = 0.006. High SOX2 immunoexpression was found in the CSCC group (83.9%), while low SOX2 immunoexpression was found in the HSIL group (41.9%) with p-value = 0.030. The high ALDH1A1 histoscore group had an OR of 5,106 for CSCC compared to the low ALDH1A1 histoscore group. The high SOX2 histoscore group had an OR of 4,140 for CSCC compared to the low SOX2 histoscore group. This relationship was statistically significant with a p-value < 0.05. The conclusion is that the increased ALDH1A1 and SOX2 immunoexpression may indicate the development of HSIL.
