Abstract :
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered to be multifactorial. AD is associated with loss of neurons, stem cell regenerative therapy seems to be promising in AD. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of stem cells in rats with scopolamine-induced model of dementia of Alzheimer’s type. The Extrapolation Escape Task and Passive Avoidance Test were used for evaluating the cognitive functions in rats with scopolamine-induced AD model at different period of disease and after mesenchymal stem cells intravenous introduction. The concentration of parameters of endothelial dysfunction, redox state and ROS generation was measured by using the spectrophotometric, photometric, immuno-enzymatic method and flow cytometry. Scopolamine injections in rats resulted in the lipid peroxidation - antioxidant system imbalance and vascular damage. At later stages of the disease, lipid peroxidation was enhanced, the endothelial dysfunction was developing and progressing. The most part of animals with developing endothelial dysfunction in cerebral vessels suffered from cognitive impairment. The regenerative effect of stem cells is more pronounced in animals with a 4-week scopolamine-induced dementia than in animals with a 2-week experimental model. The mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone-marrow had positive effects on cognitive functions, endothelial regeneration and redox state in rats with scopolamine-induced dementia of Alzheimer’s type.
