Abstract :
Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a benign vascular tumor that often affects the oral mucosa and skin. Oral pyogenic granuloma ((PG) might be caused by hormonal stimulation, medications, and \or traumatic reasons. The highest frequency was observed in teenagers, young adults, and pregnant women, with a 2:1 female predilection. Gingiva, lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate are also often involved. Angiogenic activity is shown by the substantial capillary growth in pyogenic granulomas. During pregnancy and puberty, sex steroid hormones directly or indirectly affect oral cellular proliferation, differentiation, and growth. This study aims to compare the expression of angiogenic factors (VEGF, ERG) and sex-hormone receptors(AR, ER, PR) in gingival and extra-gingival lobular capillary hemangiomas (PG). Eighty of (40 male, 40female) oral lobular capillary hemangioma tissue blocks dating from 1979 to 2017 were obtained from the Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology Department/College of Dentistry/University of Baghdad. Immunohistochemical -monoclonal antibodies to ERG, VEGF, ER, AR, and PR (Dako) were used following slide cutting and deparaffinization. The Envision visualization system (K8000Dako) to detect studied markers and immunohistochemical staining process was done via Dako Autostainer Plus. Patients with P.G ranged in age from 12 to 59 years, with a median age of 30.57. Immunoexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and ERG were detected in all (100%) of the studied cases. 40% of the total (80) PG cases showed positive results for ER, while Progesterone receptor positivity was identified in 16.25 percent of the total patients examined. Females had a much greater proportion of ER; PR-positive patients than males, with statistically significant differences between the genders. Androgen receptor positivity was identified in 20% of the total (80) studied cases, with men having a greater rate of positive cases than females. There is a highly significant relationship between the immunological expression of VEGF and ERG with the development of pyogenic granuloma. Oral PG vascular proliferation is associated with ERG and VEGF immune expression. Oral lobular capillary hemangioma may not directly respond to tissue estrogen, androgen, and progesterone levels, but these receptors may play a role in both direct and indirect ways in PG development.
