Abstract :
One of the most important events in the last three years was emerging a new SARS-CoV-2, a highly contagious virus that caused a significant health problem. This study analyzed the association between the count of T lymphocyte subpopulations and different statuses of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 140 patients with COVID-19 disease and 60 healthy controls of 18 to 95 years old were enrolled. Significant differences were observed between COVID-19 patients and control groups regarding age at P-value>0.05. Serum levels of anti-SARS- CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies showed highly significant differences (P-value<0.001) between different states of COVID-19 and control groups. A significant association was detected in the levels of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺T cells in all groups of patients with COVID-19 compared with control groups. In mild COVID-19, the levels of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells (21.33 ± 6.92), and (22.56 ± 9.49), in moderate (14.89 ± 8.37), and (11.14 ± 11.12), while, in severe cases of COVID-19, (14 ± 7.64) and (10.43 ± 6.32), respectively. The main findings of this study revealed a reduction in the levels of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes and abnormal levels of Anti-SARS CoV-2 IgG Ab, which may be reflected in the severity of COVID-19 and considered an important biomarker in the prediction of the consequence of the disease.
