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31 Mar 2024 (Vol 47 , Iss 03 )

Journal ID : TMJ-01-09-2022-11391
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Title : Epidemiological profile and seroprevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 among blood donors in Pointe-Noire, Congo.

Abstract :

Blood transfusion saves millions of lives worldwide each year, yet transfusion recipients are at risk of infection with blood-borne pathogens. HTLV-1 is an oncovirus, causing adult T cell leukemia, that can be transmitted through blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiological profil and seroprevalence of HTLV1 in a population of blood donors in Congo. This cross-sectional study recruited 169 family, regular, and volunteer blood donors. At the time of donation, 4 ml of whole blood was collected in dry tubes, the serum obtained after centrifugation was used for routine serological analysis (HBV, HCV, Syphilis and HIV), and HTLV-1by the ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. The seroprevalence of HTLV-1 was 4.14% among Congolese blood donors in Pointe-Noire. In this population of positive donors, the age group most represented was 31-40 years old (57.14%). The presence of HTLV-1 antibodies tended to be higher in males than females (4,25 % versus 3,57 %) without statistical significance(p=1,00), with a predominance of volunteer donors (85.71%). The presence of this virus in blood bags remains a risk for blood transfusion recipients, particularly for people living with HIV and sickle cell disease.

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