Abstract :
Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that has contributed to a great deal of morbidity as well as mortality across the world. Surveys estimate that approximately 40% of the Indian population is infected, the tremendous majority of whom have latent TB. The study has now proven the importance of: TB treatment integrated for managing the comorbidities as well, making communities aware of the importance of preventing NCDs (non-communicable diseases), CVDs, HIV-AIDS, etc among the TB-affected and others. Diagnosis of TB was carried out based on CBNAAT (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test) results. Subsequently, the subjects were diagnosed with the comorbid conditions if they had a medical history of the comorbidity or newly diagnosed according to the following criteria: ADA (American Diabetes Association) criteria was used for detecting Diabetes mellitus with HbA1c values >= 6.5%, fasting blood sugar >= 126 mg/dL and post-prandial blood sugar >= 200mg/dL. Subjects with HbA1c of 5.7-6.4%, or fasting blood sugar of 100-125 mg/dL, or post-prandial sugar of 140-199 mg/dL were diagnosed as prediabetic. Analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS software and results were obtained. Frequencies & prevalence were calculated. Analyses of categorical variables were performed by the chi-square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. 84 patients were participated in our study in which 50 (59.5%) were males & 34 (40.5%) were females. Most common age group were 18-30years with 26(30.95%) & 45-60 years 28(33.33%). Various comorbidities were present in 60.7% of patients. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus including pre-diabetes in 43(51.18%) patients. Hyperlipidaemia was second most seen in 32(38.12%) patients, followed by hypertension in 7(8.33%), hypothyroidism in 5(5.95) patients. In our study HIV was seen in only one patient. Tuberculosis was more common in middle-aged males. Pulmonary tuberculosis is more common. Pre-diabetics with diabetes were the most common comorbidity seen in both PTB & EPTB. The incidence of diabetes increases with age. Pre-diabetes also increases the risk of tuberculosis. Hyperlipidemia was second most common comorbidity.
