Teikyo Medical Journal

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Teikyo Medical Journal

Journal ID : TMJ-04-07-2022-11334

Total View : 449

Title : Features of Anosmia in COVID-19 moderate and severe cases

Abstract :

Since the COVID-19 pandemic has started, numerous people have noted numerous ENT signs (Anosmia, nasal clog, sore throat, runny nose and dysgeusia) alongside other general side effects like fever and headache. Current evidence suggests close relationship between COVID-19 with smell and taste disorder. We aim to review the features of anosmia in a relation with COVID. The present study is a multi-center prospective study, we recruited 300 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection, admitted into three tertiary referral quarantine hospitals to receive medical treatment Both the olfactory threshold and the odor discriminative ability were assessed. All tests were conducted by the same clinician. The patient’s symptoms, clinical and laboratory data will be recorded to assess the course of the disease and these data will be correlated with smell testing We revealed that Seventy three patients out of 300 patients (47%) with confirmed COVID-19 reported anosmia and were included in this study No significant differences between patients with anosmia and those without anosmia as regard most of symptoms, other clinical signs. 70% of patients with anosmia were associated with dysgeusia50 % of patients with anosmia recovered within 13 days, 85 % within 22 days. Regarding timing of onset, anosmia appeared (before, at same time and after) of the other COVID symptoms (10 %, 65% and 25%) respectively.

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Journal ID : TMJ-04-07-2022-11333

Total View : 357

Title : HAEMATOLOGICAL AND ELECTROLYTE PROFILE OF ALBINO RATS TREATED WITH ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CLEOME CILIATA (CLEOMACEAE) IN A CHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY

Abstract :

Cleome Ciliata is a famous medicinal plant from the Cleomaceae family and is widely used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. However, there are no toxicological data on safety after repeated exposure and long-term use; therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the 90-day chronic toxicity of ethanol (80%) Cleome ciliata extract in adult Wistar. A chronic toxicity experiment was conducted by oral administration of graded doses (250 mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg) of test extract daily for 90 days. Signs of toxicity and body weight were evaluated. The toxic effects were also assessed using haematological and electrolyte data. All data collected were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. ANOVA followed by post hoc Turkey’s test was used for data interpretation and p<0.05 was considered significant. There were no treatment-related differences in haematological and electrolyte indices. Moreover, no gross abnormalities or histological alterations were observed. No deaths or evident of toxic signs were found during the experimental period. There were no significant differences in body weight between the control and the treated groups. The ethanol extract of cleome ciliata leaves was nontoxic in chronic intake at the dosages tested. Thus, this study demonstrated potential safe clinical applications and warrant further clinical studies.

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Journal ID : TMJ-04-07-2022-11332

Total View : 470

Title : Genomic Sequence analysis reveals SARS-CoV-2 spike-glycoprotein variants concern cycling in recent Iraqi isolate s

Abstract :

Virus SARS-CoV-2 attaches to host cell surface receptors via the spike glycoprotein (Sgp). As the key target for vaccine and treatment studies, it may be important to explain Sgp mutation. These variants carry different mutations that can modify the pathophysiology, transmissibility, and efficacy of the currently available vaccine. The aim of our study is to discover the relationship between certain residues and the Sgp SARS-CoV-2 functioning through the use of explorative interpretation of sequences. Here, we analyzed 40 SARS-COV-2 sequence samples in the Spike protein region which were uploaded into the GISAID public database from March 2021 to the end of 2021. Our data shows that B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant was a predominant lineage of the virus in Iraq, following by Delta variant (B.1.617.2 lineage, 16%), and sublineage of Delta variant AY 3.3 (11%). The site mutation D614G was found among all the sequenced sample (100 %), followed by P681H (65 %), N501Y (60 %), A570D (60 %), S982A (60 %), D1118H (60 %). The continual development and emergence of multiple variations of the virus in the region, as evidenced by our results, is significant. The findings from this study should assist drug industry in developing an effective vaccine to overcome the COVID virus.

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Journal ID : TMJ-03-07-2022-11330

Total View : 460

Title : Impact of an E-Learning Workshop on Diabetes Self-Care Education for Student Pharmacists in Nigeria

Abstract :

To assess the impact of an E-learning diabetes education workshop on Nigerian student pharmacists attending Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU) of Nigeria. A diabetes education workshop consisting of four part pre-recorded lecture (three hours), hands on activities, and patient counseling exercises were offered by a UC San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (SSPPS) faculty clinical specialist via an E-learning method. Attendance was voluntary. A printed pre- and post-survey was used to assess Nigerian student pharmacists baseline knowledge and comfort level of different areas of diabetes self-care management. Each survey took approximately 20-30 minutes. Data was analyzed using t-test to determine the significance. This study included 37 (15 males and 22 females) student pharmacists aged 21-28 years old attending NAU and who consented to attend the workshop in partnership with RISE Clinic in Nigeria. Comparison of the pre- and post-survey scores showed significant increases in the Nigerian student pharmacist’s confidence and ability provide diabetes self-care after participating in the workshop (p < 0.001). Confidence in insulin use increased by 48.6% (p<0.001) and diabetes knowledge increased by 21.8% (p<0.001). An exponential increase of diabetes knowledge was noted in two case studies. Both showed an increase in overall score (i.e. 37% and 22%, respectively) with highly significant relationship. Students gained knowledge, with mean scores of 77% and 6% on post-survey case questions (compared to 55% and 39% on pre- survey). An E-learning diabetes self-care educational workshop successfully helped NAU student pharmacists increase their understanding, confidence and ability to educate and train diabetic patients. This study demonstrates the positive collaboration between schools of pharmacy using E-learning and may serve as an example for future educational opportunities.

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Journal ID : TMJ-27-06-2022-11329

Total View : 369

Title : Current Treatment Options for Cutaneous and Plantar Warts: A Literature Review and Update

Abstract :

Warts are a generally benign and common finding in patients worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 10–20%. Discussing treatment options for warts is a complicated subject as numerous options exist, but no one treatment modality has satisfying efficacy and recurrence rate. Furthermore, current guidelines for treating warts are outdated, with the latest one published in 2014. Since then, numerous research has yielded new data and evidence with regards to various aspects of warts. Hence, this evidence-based literature review aims to provide an update to these previous guidelines. Literature search was conducted to collect latest evidence regarding to warts and their treatment. The main keywords used to conduct the literature review are “treatment”, “cutaneous wart”, and “plantar wart”, and “verruca vulgaris”; these keywords are adjusted for each treatment modality. As of date, the best-studied treatments are salicylic acid and cryotherapy. Both therapies are still the primary treatments for warts, though their efficacy are not very high. Pulsed-dye laser and photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid have promising success rates and can be considered alternative treatments. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice for advanced and warts refractory for treatment. With regards to the small number of novel studies found from the literature search, we highly support more studies to be conducted with regards to wart treatment. Furthermore, we also urge for existing guidelines to be updated to current available evidence.

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